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Arakel Babakhanian
Arakel Grigori Babakhanian ((アルメニア語:Առաքել Գրիգորի Բաբախանյան), commonly known as Leo ((アルメニア語:Լեո)); – 14 November 1932) was an Armenian historian, publicist, writer, critic and professor of Yerevan State University. He was born in Nagorno Karabakh and is recognized as an authoritative historian on Armenia and is best known as the author of the multi-volume ''History of Armenia''. Leo addressed the difficult issues of Armenian history, history of literature and many key issues of the early 20th century.〔 Harutyunyan, Shmavon R. and Ashot K. Ohanyan. «''Լեո''» (Leo). Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1978, vol. iv, pp. 566-567.〕
==Biography==
Leo was born on 14 April 1860 in the city of Shusha, then a part of the Russian Empire. He graduated from the local school there in 1878. Due to the death of his father Grigor, Leo was unable to attend university to receive higher education and stayed in the region to support his family.〔Hacikyan et al. ''Heritage of Armenian Literature'', p. 506.〕 He took up several jobs in Shusha and Baku as a notary clerk, telegraphist, and the manager of a publishing press called ''Aror'' (Wooden Plough).〔 From 1895 to 1906, Leo worked as a journalist and secretary in Tiflis for the influential Armenian-language newspaper ''Mshak'' (Tiller). Leo would later become the editor of ''Mshak'' in 1918. In 1906, he began teaching at the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at Echmiatsin, although he returned to Tiflis a year later, dedicating himself to academic work.〔
Politically, Leo was opposed to the policies of the Armenian Dashnaktsutyun political party and was a member of the Populist (Zhoghovrdakan) Party, joining it in 1917.〔 Soviet sources, however, do not list Leo as belonging to any political party.〕 Other prominent positions Leo held include being an adviser to the delegation of the Seim of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, which held negotiations with the Turks in Trebizond in March 1918, and the president of the Karabakh Armenian Patriotic Association from 1918 to 1920.〔Walker. ''Armenia'', p. 430.〕
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